Content Detail

Swiss stone pine is a dense, narrow, pyramidal evergreen tree that provides dark green color in the landscape. Native to the mountains of Europe and Asia, it is a picturesque evergreen for the smaller landscape.

  • Family (English) Pine
  • Family (botanic) Pinaceae
  • Planting site Residential and parks
  • Tree or plant type Tree
  • Foliage Evergreen (foliage year-round)
  • Native locale Non-native
  • Size range Medium tree (25-40 feet), Large tree (more than 40 feet)
  • Mature height 30-40 feet
  • Mature width 15-25 feet
  • Light exposure Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily), Partial sun / shade (4-6 hrs light daily)
  • Hardiness zones Zone 3, Zone 4, Zone 5 (Northern Illinois), Zone 6 (City of Chicago), Zone 7
  • Soil preference Moist, well-drained soil
  • Drought tolerance Moderately tolerant
  • Other tolerances Alkaline soil, Dry sites
  • Season of interest early winter, midwinter, late winter, early spring, mid spring, late spring, early summer, midsummer, late summer, early fall, mid fall, late fall
  • Flower color and fragrance Inconspicuous
  • Shape or form Columnar, Narrow, Pyramidal, Upright
  • Growth rate Slow
  • Transplants well No
  • Wildlife Small mammals
  • Has cultivars Yes

More Information

Native Geographic Location and Habitat  

Swiss stone pine is native to the mountains of Europe and parts of Asia.

Bark Description

Mature branches are dark with scaly plates. New stems are orange-brown.

Leaf Description

Stiff, but soft, 3 inch needles are held in bundles of five. The needles have a blue-green to light green color. Sometimes needles are twisted.

Flower Description

Flowers are not ornamentally important.

Fruit Description  

Terminal, 2 to 3 inch cones do not open on the tree but require three years to mature and drop in the spring.

Care Knowledge

Plant Care

Swiss stone pine is best sited in a well-drained, loamy soil in open areas in full sun. It transplants well and needs little pruning for a strong structure. Due to its slow growth rate, this is an excellent choice for small landscapes.

Pests, Diseases, and Tolerances  

Resistant to most pests and diseases.

Cultivars

Prairie Statesman® Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra ‘Herman’):

This cultivar has a very upright habit (30 feet high and 15 feet wide) with emerald green needles. It is very cold hardy and drought tolerant.

Stricta Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra ‘Stricta’):

This is a columnar form of the species, with blue-green needles and a dense, narrow habit. Sometimes sold under the name ‘Columnaris’.

Donate

Your support is vital to the Arboretum, where the power of trees makes a positive impact on people’s lives.

Make a gift