Siberian elm is an invasive plant. An invasive plant is a plant species that is non-native to the location being considered and whose presence and spread negatively impacts (or is likely to impact) ecological, economic, or human health.
This plant spreads by seed. It commonly grows in open areas like prairies, pastures, vacant lots and disturbed sites. Siberian elm is native to Asia and was introduced to the U.S. for use in windbreaks. Later, cultivars were developed for landscape use. Siberian elm produces large quantities of seeds and has good tolerance of drought and cold. This combination allows it to colonize areas where other species may have difficulty growing. The dense colonies limit species diversity in these areas. Siberian elm occurs throughout the United States. Data collected at The Morton Arboretum show that this tree is invasive on the Arboretum grounds.
There are a number of native and non-native species that could be used in place of Siberian elm. More desirable species may be found using the Search Trees and Plants page of the Arboretum website. Before purchasing or planting, be sure to check for any local or state guidelines on these species, and make sure that the plant is suitable for its habitat by checking its attributes at mortonarb.org or plants.usda.gov.
- Family (English) Elm
- Family (botanic) Ulmaceae
- Tree or plant type Tree
- Foliage Deciduous (seasonally loses leaves)
- Native locale Non-native
- Size range Large tree (more than 40 feet)
- Mature height 50-70 feet
- Mature width 40-50 feet
- Light exposure Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily)
- Hardiness zones Zone 4, Zone 5 (Northern Illinois), Zone 6 (City of Chicago), Zone 7, Zone 8, Zone 9
- Soil preference Moist, well-drained soil
- Tolerances Alkaline soil, clay soil, Dry sites, Occasional drought, Occasional flooding, Wet sites
- Flower color and fragrance Inconspicuous
- Shape or form Round
- Growth rate Fast
- Transplants well No
- Planting considerations Aggressive, Highly susceptible to ice damage, Weak wood and branch structure
- Wildlife Migrant birds
- Has cultivars Yes
