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Common ragweed is a noxious weed in Illinois. The Illinois Noxious Weed law mandates that each landowner controls the spread of and/or eradicates this plant from their land. This annual plant has an extensive, fibrous root system. It spreads primarily by seed. It grows in a variety of habitats such as riparian zones, disturbed areas, and woodlands. The plant is native to North America and exists all throughout the country. Common ragweed has the ability to overtake areas and limit the resources available to other plants. It is also known to aggravate conditions such as seasonal allergies and asthma.

As an alternative, Culver’s root (Veronicastrum virginicum) is a good option. There are a number of native and non-native species that could be used in place of common ragweed. More desirable species may be found using the online Search Trees and Plants page of the Arboretum website. Before purchasing or planting, be sure to check for any local or state guidelines on this species, and ensure that this plant is suitable for its habitat by checking its attributes at mortonarb.org or plants.usda.gov.

  • Family (English) Aster
  • Family (botanic) Asteraceae

More Information

Size and Method of Spreading

Common ragweed can grow as a solitary plant or in a group. Each plant typically reaches a height of up to 4 feet tall.

Leaf Description

The leaves are opposite on the lower part of the plant and alternate above. They are very deeply cut, giving them a fern-like appearance. Leaves range from 4 to 6 inches long.

Flower Description

Male and female flowers are held in separate structures on the same plant (monoecious). The flowers of common ragweed are about ⅛ inch long. Male flowers are green, but take on a yellowish cast when pollen is released. They are on an elongated shoot (raceme) that can be up to several inches long. Female flowers are in small clusters in the leaf axils. Flowering time is late summer into fall.

Fruit Description

Common ragweed produces single-seeded, dry fruits (achenes) that are about ⅓ inch long. They are gray or tan in color and enclosed in a burlike husk derived from a persistent part of the female flowering structure.

General Management

For more information on management of this plant, contact The Morton Arboretum Plant Clinic (630-719-2424 or plantclinic@mortonarb.org).

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