Content Detail

European larch is a great choice for specimen plantings or in groups for parks and large areas.

Unlike most conifers, European larch drops its needles in winter.

Bright green foliage in spring changes to medium green throughout summer, turning a golden yellow in fall before falling.

  • Family (English) Pine
  • Family (botanic) Pinaceae
  • Planting site Residential and parks
  • Tree or plant type Tree
  • Foliage Deciduous (seasonally loses leaves)
  • Native locale Non-native
  • Size range Large tree (more than 40 feet)
  • Mature height 70-75 feet
  • Mature width 25-30 feet
  • Light exposure Full sun (6 hrs direct light daily)
  • Hardiness zones Zone 3, Zone 4, Zone 5 (Northern Illinois), Zone 6 (City of Chicago)
  • Soil preference Moist, well-drained soil
  • Drought tolerance Moderately sensitive
  • Other tolerances Alkaline soil
  • Season of interest early fall, mid fall
  • Flower color and fragrance Inconspicuous
  • Shape or form Irregular, Pyramidal
  • Growth rate Fast, Moderate
  • Transplants well Yes
  • Planting considerations Intolerant of pollution
  • Wildlife Insect-eating birds, Moths, Seed-eating birds
  • Has cultivars Yes

More Information

Native Geographic Location and Habitat

Native to Europe.

Bark Description

Mature bark is scaly and reddish brown.

Leaf Description

Needles grow in clusters of 2 inch long needles on older branches and singularly on new growth. They are bright green in spring changing to medium green throughout summer. Fall color is golden yellow. Needles are deciduous.

Flower Description

Female flowers are 1/2 inch long and reddish in color. Male flowers are smaller, yellow, and catkin-like. Male and female flowers bloom along the same twigs.

Fruit Description

Small, 3/4 to 1 inch cones grow persisting throughout winter.

Care Knowledge

Plant Care

This tree grows best in a sunny site with moist soil. It is tolerant of temporary flooding and wet conditions. Prune in mid-summer.

Pests, Diseases, and Tolerances

Larch case-bearer can be a problem for this tree.

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